The previous article on fine-tuning explores how the essential elements for the creation and sustenance of life are abundant, and presents some of the evidence that they are also intentionally precisely calibrated.
This section delves much deeper.
Life is not merely about existence or survival: in favourable conditions, we find life to be enjoyable, purposeful, dynamic, and fulfilling. But why is that?
Could the evolutionary belief in the "survival of the fittest" provide for the diverse and complete natural comforts and pleasures of human life?
Consider this: Did you know that the human body contains so many pervasive microscopic nerve fibres, that if you were to take the interconnections in the brain alone and lay them all out end-to-end, they would encircle the earth more than four times over — and that's just one brain in one person!
The central nervous system
Nerve fibres measure a microscopic 0.2 to 20 micrometres in diameter. A micrometre is one-millionth of a metre.
Did every millimetre of our nerve fibres grow by accident during this long evolutionary process? How did these 100,000 miles (160,000 kilometres) of fibres happen to navigate, micrometre by micrometre, into every part of our bodies where sensitivity and information feedback are required?
Was every limb, branch, and node of the nervous-system-routing meticulously planned?
What alternatives are there to the two options of arrival by planning, or arrival by accident? The evolutionist's explanation of "natural selection" can only work if there are features already available for selection!
Why are there no humans who, by genetic coding, lack essential sensitivity, and feedback routing, somewhere in their bodies? If, at some point in the distant evolutionary trail, sections of this system were missing (an extremely likely scenario given the enormous quantity of fibres), how would evolution intentionally fill the gap and commission additional required growth?
And these same questions can also be posed with regard to our extensive and vital blood vessels.
But now consider this:
The body’s nervous and digestive systems are remarkably balanced for maximum efficiency, comfort, and quality of life!
For example, at one end of the digestive system, the mouth, there are highly sensitive taste receptors that enable us to really enjoy the many diverse flavours of delicious food — scientists believe that our senses can detect and distinguish more than 100,000 different tastes!
By contrast, at the opposite end of the digestive system, this sensitivity is, thankfully, considerably toned down; even so, our bodies can nevertheless detect precisely when it is time to evacuate waste, even conveniently distinguishing between air, solids, and liquids — but that is the extent of the sensitivity, namely exactly what is required and no more! And while our bodies automatically manage these processes for our comfort, we continue enjoying our lives in greater freedom.
Another contrast is found In between these locations, within our abdomen, where the sensitivity is — by design — lowered even further so that we do not (thankfully), under normal conditions, feel the discomfort of the food passing through our internal organs.
How ghastly that would be!
The entire 7 metres (22 feet) length of the digestive system, then, features multiple regions with varying degrees of precisely calibrated sensitivity that ensure maximum comfort and even enjoyment, while retaining necessary sensitivity to pain. And all this, while we go about enjoying our daily lives.
Also, consider this: Why do creatures actually have bladders and rectums? It may seem like an odd question, but consider the facts: Without these organs, we would experience significant discomfort, as we would be forced to expel waste continually every few minutes. But would this be fatal?
Not so pleasant, though, when you're trying to enjoy some sleep!
But would a blind, purposeless process of evolution "care" about that?
Would a creature that has survived because it is the “fittest” and “strongest” care if it expels its waste constantly? And even if it did in some way "care," by what means could it intentionally commission the growth of extra organs to bring about the required comfort?
It is significant that the existence of such convenient systems is replete throughout the animal kingdom. And the quality of life is thereby enhanced considerably.
A question not often seen when evolution is under scrutiny is: Where is the evidence for partially-developed body organs and their successful functionality? Supporters of evolution emphasize their belief that changes took place gradually over considerable time.
But how did body organs provide adequate functionality on behalf of the body during every stage of this long process?
So the study of gradual changes in body organs, and their usefulness at every stage, is certainly a key question!
There are many theories involving this; but where is the empirical evidence?
Textbooks that teach evolution often showcase images of creatures from different classes with very different anatomies, claiming that these illustrate evolutionary changes in organ functionality or major anatomical shifts.
However, these examples represent significantly differing examples and do not provide evidence of gradual transitions.
Take into account the complete set of requirements for the human body's digestive system and its associated organs:
. . . to name them in order of functionality (selecting only the major ones). How could all of these organs function adequately, or at all, if they were only partially developed or, as evolutionists put it, "in a transitional state"?
All of these organs rely on each other for the whole process to work!
Did they really arrive gradually, or was the body's ability to obtain nutrition planned?
Did you know that the human body does not require all of its organs to sustain life? Take the gall bladder, for instance. While it is not essential for survival, it does significantly enhance the quality of life (as I can personally attest). So why would evolution, with its "survival of the fittest" mantra, "care" about that?
Another example is the stomach. Without it, we could still survive, but we would then need to continuously eat small amounts of food. Therefore, the inclusion of a stomach enables us to enjoy a hearty meal, followed by relaxation, while our bodies get on with the task of digestion and assimilation without any intervention from us.
Does that indicate thoughtful planning to you?
And of course, time and web space would fail me if I continued at length with other similar arguments, including numerous aspects of the world around us that enhance the quality of our lives; but here are just a few additional thoughts:
And we have not yet scratched the surface of similar considerations, nor have we barely begun to venture out to nature around us, to the earth, the sun, galaxies, along similar lines of reasoning, from the marvels of the human body to other objects.
For example, the earth seems to fulfil some of the criteria for a living, breathing organism: it regulates its own temperature, protects itself from most (surviving) meteors and from harmful solar radiation and magnetic storms, it uses and replenishes energy, it also recycles everything it uses, and continually repairs its skin and its water systems.
Earth is most certainly an ideal environment for life!
(That is, until "intelligent" humans arrived and have by now virtually ruined it!)
And so on, ad infinitum. . . .
All of these considerations, too many to list in practical terms, underscore the intentional precise tuning of the universe, of the earth, and of life.
Which brings us to the image above, and to the favicon associated with this website. Each plate in this illustration is delicately balanced, yet any slight adjustment can influence the entire arrangement. Similarly, altering any of the 'finely-tuned' elements discussed here, and in the previous article, could so easily lead to a universe incapable of supporting life, or one where life is unbearably uncomfortable.
Having read the above, take another look at Richard Dawkins' discussion, in his book, regarding his machine with six buttons as discussed in the article A Universe Fine-tuned For Life.
And finally, the universe and the natural world, the earth and life upon it, all share one overriding and striking characteristic: beauty.
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